Abstract
Clinical examination alone is not always sufficient to determine which burn wounds will heal spontaneously and which will require surgical intervention for optimal outcome. We present a review of optical modalities currently in clinical use and under development to assist burn surgeons in assessing burn wound severity, including conventional histology/light microscopy, laser Doppler imaging, indocyanine green videoangiography, near-infrared spectroscopy and spectral imaging, in vivo capillary microscopy, orthogonal polarization spectral imaging, reflectance-mode confocal microscopy, laser speckle imaging, spatial frequency domain imaging, photoacoustic microscopy, and polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.
🔬 Techniques
🧪 Sample Preparation
🏛️ Research Organizations (ROR)
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📊 Figures
Fig. 1
On the left, LDI-generated blood flow map of a superficial partial thickness burn on a patientu2019s face. High blood flow is manifest as a predominantly bright red region. On the right, the same area...
Fig. 2
Near-infrared spectral imaging. (A) Digital photograph of burn wound to the leg with central area of full thickness. (B) Map of tissue oxygen saturation with darker areas representing less oxygenation...
Fig. 3
Indocyanine green video angiography. (A) Digital photograph of a burn to the chest with central area of full thickness (x) and peripheral areas of partial thickness (o). (B) Raw angiography image with...
Fig. 4
In vivo capillary microscopy. (A) Superficial burn with preserved dermal capillary plexus visible. (B) Deep partial thickness burn with absence of the capillary plexus apparent. (Reprinted from Ref. [...
Fig. 5
Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging. (A) Normal skin, in which the dermal capillary plexus is apparent as faint gray loops. (B) Superficial burn, appearing very similar to normal skin. (C) Deep b...
Fig. 6
Reflectance confocal microscopy of a human subject at 24 h post-injury showing (a) normal skin, with dermal capillaries manifested as black punctuate areas within dermal papillae (white rings), (b) su...
Fig. 7
On the left, a digital photograph of a hot oil burn to the hand with areas of deep (white) and partial (pink) thickness. On the right, the laser speckle image (LSI) of the same burn. Areas of high per...
Fig. 8
In the upper left corner, a digital photograph of mechanical burn (road rash) to the forearm with areas of full (oval), deep partial (dashed oval), and superficial partial (circle) thickness injury. R...
Figure images are served from the NIH/NLM PubMed Central Open Access Subset or Europe PMC; copyright remains with the publishers and authors.
💬 Discussion
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