Abstract
Optical methods for interrogating membrane potential changes in neurons promise to revolutionize our ability to dissect the activity of individual cells embedded in neural circuits underlying behavior and sensation. A number of voltage imaging strategies have emerged in the past few years. This Perspective discusses developments in both small-molecule and genetically encoded fluorescent indicators of membrane potential. We survey recent advances in small-molecule fluorescent indicators that rely on photoinduced electron transfer to sense voltage as well as refinements of voltage-sensitive fluorescent proteins and new opsin-based strategies for monitoring voltage changes. We compare the requirements of fluorescent voltage indicators to those for more canonical Ca2+ sensing as a way to illuminate the particular challenges associated with voltage imaging.
🔬 Techniques
🧬 Organisms
✨ Fluorophores
🧪 Sample Preparation
🔬 Cell Lines
🏛️ Research Organizations (ROR)
Affiliated research institutions:
📊 Figures
Figure 1
Fluorescent voltage indicators. Numerous strategies for optically sensing voltage changes in living cells exist. Small molecule fluorophore platforms (upper panels) include electrochromic dyes (a) and...
Figure 2
Design challenges encountered in the development of fluorescent voltage indicators. Constraints for the design of fluorescent voltage indicators (red) are contrasted against the requirements of fluore...
Figure 3
Comparison of voltage and Ca 2+ imaging in neurons. a) Ca 2+ (green) and voltage (magenta) responses to single, spontaneously-arising action potentials in the same rat hippocampal neuron, as recorded ...
Figure images are served from the NIH/NLM PubMed Central Open Access Subset or Europe PMC; copyright remains with the publishers and authors.
💬 Discussion
0 commentsNo comments yet. Be the first to start a discussion!
Leave a Comment